Medieval Period

It is the literature from the 15th century to the end of the 19th century, which includes the literary traditions of Gurmat poetry, Sufi poetry, qissa poetry, Bir poetry, and other streams.

Ahmad Yar

The most prolific Qissakar (narrative poet) in Punjabi literature, renowned for the Qissa of Heer Ranjha.

Baba Sundar

A famous medieval poet. Six hymns of his composition, “Ramkali Sad,” are included in the Guru Granth Sahib. He was the great-grandson of Guru Amar Das Ji.

Bhagat Jai Dev

A prominent medieval Punjabi poet, saint, and devotee. He was among the pioneers of the Bhakti movement that emerged in India. As a liberal-minded saint, he always kept his doors open to new ideas and progressive thought. One of his hymns, composed by him, is included in the Guru Granth Sahib under Raag Basant.

Bhagat Ramanand

A prominent medieval Punjabi poet, saint, and devotee. He was among the pioneers of the Bhakti movement that emerged in India. As a liberal-minded saint, he always kept his doors open to new ideas and progressive thought. One of his hymns, composed by him, is included in the Guru Granth Sahib under Raag Basant.

Bhagat Ravidas

A medieval poet, saint, devotee, and reformer. Bhagat Ravidas was born in Banaras. His writings reflect a deep sense of humanity and divine love. Forty hymns composed by him are included in the Guru Granth Sahib, set in sixteen different musical modes (Raags).

Bhagat Sadhna

A renowned medieval Punjabi poet, saint, and devotee. Bhagat Sadhana is believed to have lived during the 14th century. One of his hymns is included in the Guru Granth Sahib, under Raag Bilawal. His composition serves as a beautiful example of humility and self-surrender.

Bhagat Sain

A renowned medieval Punjabi poet and Bhagat. He is believed to have been born in the 14th or 15th century. He worked as a barber in the king’s court. One of his hymns is included in the Guru Granth Sahib, composed in Raag Dhanasari.

Bhagat Trilochan

A renowned medieval Punjabi poet and saint. His birthplace is believed to be Barsi, a town in the Solapur district of Maharashtra. Four of his hymns are included in the Guru Granth Sahib.

Bhagwan Singh

A famous qissa writer of the Malwa region during the British colonial period. Besides the renowned qissa “Heer,” he also wrote Sohni Mahiwal, Mirza Sahiban, and Jiuna Maud along with other works.

Bhai Mardana

A renowned medieval personality, rababi, and poet, who is also known as a companion of Guru Nanak. Two saloks composed by him are included in the Guru Granth Sahib.

Buddh Singh

A prominent Hindi poet of Maharaja Ranjit Singh’s time, who also composed Majha, Siharfi poems, and the work Rajniti Budh Baridhi.

Damodar

Damodar is considered the pioneer of Punjabi qissa poetry. He was a contemporary of Akbar and was the first to compose a qissa based on the love story of Heer and Ranjha.

Guru Angad Dev

A renowned medieval poet, the second Guru of the Sikhs, and a reformer. The 63 saloks composed by him are included in the Guru Granth Sahib.

Hafiz Barkhurdar

Hafiz Barkhurdar was a contemporary of Shah Jahan and Aurangzeb. During his lifetime, he composed several narrative poems (qissas). Among these, "Yusuf-Zulaikha" attained the greatest acclaim and popularity.